ЕТНИЧКА СТРУКТУРА СТАНОВНИШТВА У НАСЕЉИМА ТЕМИШВАРСКЕ ЕПАРХИЈЕ СРЕДИНОМ XVIII ВЕКА
THE ETHNIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION IN THE SETTLEMENTS OF THE EPARCHY OF TIMISOARA IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 18TH CENTURY

Summary/Abstract: The article analyzes the ethnic structure of the settlements on the territory of the Eastern Orthodox Eparchy of Timişoara according to the concriptions of 1743, 1753 and 1774. During the first three decades of the 18th century, only Serbs and Romanians constituted the population of the Eparchy of Timişoara. The Serbs lived mainly in the lowland regions – Districts of Bečkerek, Pančevo and Čanad. Romanians were the only population in mountainous District of Lugos-Façet. Districts of Timişoara, Čakovo and Lipova were with mixed population. In the meantime, there was an organized colonization of ethnic Germans, into the plains of Banat. Their colonization was carried out in three waves, only the last of which gave more lasting results. There were attempts to settle Bulgarians, Italians and Spaniards, but due to adverse climatic conditions in the Banat swamp, the settlers found it difficult to adapt to this climate, quickly died out, their settlements lasted briefly, and the survivors were gradually assimilated with the Germans. The towns had a more complex ethnic structure than the villages. Greeks, Armenians and Jews lived in towns, mostly as merchants. There was also a group of Romani (Gypsies) living next to Serbian and Romanian villages and paying a special tax to the state. Considering the demographic data, the ethnic situation in the territory of this eparchy gradually became very complex and those trends will continue during the next century.

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