IZGRADNJA GRADSKIH FORTIFIKACIJA BIHAĆA OD 16. DO POČETKA 20. STOLJEĆA
CONSTRUCTION OF CITY FORTIFICATIONS IN BIHAĆ FROM THE 16TH TO THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Summary/Abstract: Throughout its history, Bihać was exposed to various civilizational changes that created its identity over the centuries, so it is no wonder that it inherited the culture of the Mediterranean, the Orient and the West. The fortification solutions of the city were permanent values that, through several stages of construction, corresponded to the needs of the time, condition, and spirit of the environment, which could only be a specific to a society that has defined itself over time and reached its own expression. Since the 13th century, the construction of fortresses for the purpose of defense against the Tatar groups began in the area of Pounje, when it was realized that only stone walls could resist the enemy. Subsequently, war and military construction included the area of human creation of various defensive obstacles and protections. Studies of the medieval Bihac fortress with all its fortification elements, have found that it was built in the Romanesque and Gothic style, which belonged to a wider circle of Hungarian fortified cities of the plains type. With its broken layout shape with the purpose of increasing construction strength and stability, especially when operating from artillery tools, and evenly distributed defense elements, the fortress ensured good protection of the population within the walls. Likewise, the natural position of the fortress surrounded by the river Una, the vast fields and the surrounding mountains Plješivica and Grmeč, as well as favorable road communication, have provided Bihać fortress with military and economic characteristics of a strategically favorable place.

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