Postsekularność, przemoc i horyzont pluralizmu
Postsecularity, Violence, and the Horizon of Pluralism

Summary/Abstract: The article investigates cases of the clash between the religious and secular spheres fromthe dawn of modernity: from the Vendée uprising during the French Revolution to theSeptember 11 attacks. The overviewreveals a new area of conflict, defined by growingdemands of the religious sphere to co-govern the legal and moral order of postmodernstates. The author of The Revenge of God, Gilles Kepel, sees failed modernizationas the reason for the rise in these demands. The factor fostering postmodern states’desecularization stems from the incomplete secularization process or, in fact, a processthat was never consistently implemented. Ideas for solutions range from giving voiceto multiple social views on religiosity (Latour) to launching a “cooperative translationof religious content” (Habermas) so as to enable the secular and religious spheres tosettle disputes and establish rules for coexistence. To verify Latour’s and Habermas’sconcepts, the article discusses several proposals for anthropological bottom-up studies,including a survey on social views on religiosity and a study on quasi-religious ways ofpracticing faith. However, no straight path leads from minor concrete issues to matterssuch as abortion, in vitro fertilization, or women’s emancipation, which public actorsresolve through religious arguments, and which determine governance. Therefore,current postsecularismmust closely monitor the matter of the relationship betweenfaith and power.

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