KVANTITATIVNA ANALIZA DIGITALNE TRANSFORMACIJE JAVNE UPRAVE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI I ZEMLJAMA ZAPADNOG BALKANA PRIMJENOM KOMPARATIVNE METODE U KONTEKSTU EKONOMSKIH I INSTITUCIONALNIH INTEGRACIJA
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA AND THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES USING A COMPARATIVE METHOD IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL INTEGRATION

Summary/Abstract: The paper applies a comparative method to analyse the digital transformation of public administration in the Western Balkan countries – Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. The results show that 23–49% of the population possesses basic digital skills, while internet usage exceeds 80%, confirming a gap between access to technology and the ability to use it. Transactional e-services are most developed in Albania, where a digital component is present in over 95% of public services. In contrast, Bosnia and Herzegovina records less than 20%, while Montenegro and North Macedonia do not exceed 25%. Serbia demonstrates moderate progress, particularly through its e-tax system. The greatest challenges relate to interoperability and preparedness for the EU Single Digital Gateway: Bosnia and Herzegovina shows the lowest, and Serbia a relatively high but still insufficient level of integration. Compliance with the GDPR is partial, while cybersecurity capacities remain limited in most countries. Transparency and open data are most advanced in Albania and Serbia. The analysis confirms a correlation between digital skills, the number of e-services and interoperability, indicating that institutional capacities and human capital determine the efficiency of digital governance. Regional disparities are reinforced by institutional fragmentation, especially in Bosnia and Herzegovina, while policy recommendations emphasise strengthening digital skills, interoperability and the regulatory framework.

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