JEDNOŚĆ CZY WIELOŚĆ REŻIMÓW ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI ODSZKODOWAWCZEJ W PRAWIE POLSKIM – PRZYCZYNEK DO DYSKUSJI DE LEGE FERENDA
UNITY OR PLURALITY OF CIVIL LIABILITY RÉGIMES IN POLISH LAW – CONTRIBUTION FOR DISCUSSION DE LEGE FERENDA

Summary/Abstract: Beginning from Roman law traditional theory of civil liability in continental law distinguish two régimes of such liability – liability resulting from breach of contract (liability ex contractu) and liability resulting from a tort (ex delicto liability). The same difference exists also in Polish law but after examination of prerequisites of these two kinds of civil liability we could notice important similarities. Especially, the unlawfulness of breach of contract could be described as breach of general obligation so this perquisite is the same as in ex delicto liability. The only obstacle in uniting these two kinds of civil liability is the article 443 of Polish Civil Code regulating concurrence of ex delicto and of ex contractu liabilities and, as a result, declaring two independent liabilities. Taking into account proceedings leading to prepare new Polish Civil Code, it should be considered whether maintain existing dualism of civil liability or to create an unified construction as it exists in Austria (§ 1294 of Austrian Civil Code) and in the Czech Republic (§ 420 of Czech Civil Code).

• Details
• Contents