NYELV, ÉRTELEM, MESTERSÉGES INTELLIGENCIA AZ EMBERI GONDOLKODÁS TÜKRÉBEN
LANGUAGE, MEANING, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE MIRROR OF HUMAN THOUGHT

Summary/Abstract: In recent years, artificial intelligence has become a central topic in public discourse, especially since the emergence of generative models, foremost ChatGPT, at the end of 2022. After the initial hype and often apocalyptic predictions, by 2025 we have a much clearer view of what large language models can – and cannot – do. The three main messages of my study: (1) today’s AI is not a single “artificial mind” but an ecosystem of many small programs trained for narrow tasks; (2) generative models are not magic, but transformer-based language models built on statistical pattern recognition that estimate the probabilities of tokens; (3) these tools do not replace but complement human work and thinking. We briefly review the basic concepts of machine learning and deep learning, the operation of language models and their development between 2018 and 2025, their practical application areas, as well as the foundations of prompt engineering. A separate section discusses their limitations, the phenomenon of hallucination, responsible use and the risks of misuse. The central claim of the talk is that understanding generative AI has become a key digital competence today, and that its future will be shaped not by the machines themselves, but by human decisions.

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