A Systematic Review of Cyber Ethical Behavior on Privacy, Accuracy, Intellectual Property, and Accessibility (PAPA) Among Youth
A Systematic Review of Cyber Ethical Behavior on Privacy, Accuracy, Intellectual Property, and Accessibility (PAPA) Among Youth

Summary/Abstract: The lack of physical boundaries in cyberspace challenges youth in applying human values during online interactions, leading to unethical behavior and diminished social responsibility. Unregulated cyber behavior increases unethical actions, negatively impacting digital security and societal and ethical norms. For Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) students entering technology-driven industries, cultivating strong awareness and adherence to human values is crucial to fostering responsible and ethical digital interactions. This study examines the extent of cyber ethics research conducted among young adults (aged 18-24), focusing on key ethical issues such as Privacy, Accuracy, Property, and Accessibility (PAPA model). Accordingly, this study seeks to identify existing research gaps related to cyber ethical behavior studies among youth. Using document analysis methodology, journal articles and conference proceedings from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar were reviewed. After screening, 11 relevant papers were selected for analysis. Findings reveal four key research gaps: (1) Limited integration of cyber human values as a proxy in PAPA-related cyber ethics studies, (2) Underexplored cognitive risk assessment, and (3) Insufficient research on TVET students’ cyber ethical behavior. This study highlights the importance of strengthening cyber ethics education for TVET students, ensuring they are well-equipped to navigate digital challenges responsibly and ethically.

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