ON THE STRUCTURE OF ADJECTIVES’ SUPERLATIVE DEGREE FORMATION BY MEANS OF ANALYTICAL TOOLS (A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF ALBANIAN AND SOME OTHER INDO- EUROPEAN LANGUAGES)
ON THE STRUCTURE OF ADJECTIVES’ SUPERLATIVE DEGREE FORMATION BY MEANS OF ANALYTICAL TOOLS (A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF ALBANIAN AND SOME OTHER INDO- EUROPEAN LANGUAGES)

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this scientific paper is to conduct an inquiry on the primary fundamental means Albanian language adjectives construct the superlative degree. The linguistic indicator serving to complete the grammatical category of the adjective’s degree in Albanian language by using synthetic tools is apparently different from many other Indo – European languages. As most linguists nowadays generally note and emphasize there have existed three fundamental stages of denoting this category, which evidently differ in terms of the linguistic tools they exploit the first one using lexical means (supletive forms), the second morphemic tools (different suffixes) and the third analytical and syntactic tools (auxiliary words). As evidence throw light there are no traces of the existence of the first two stages in Albanian. The most convincing argument used to justify this loss is related to the process of reorganizing the class of adjectives, transforming it from a class with synthetic indicators used in final position to a different class using analytic tools placed in the front position. As many examples infer, Sanskrit, Old Greek, Latin, Germanic languages, and many Slavic languages historically have obtained different inflections to shape this category. Trying to provide a satisfactory account of the Albanian potential ways indicating this grammatical category there is a specific need to emphasize the fact that the most available, relevant tools Albanian uses to supply this category are the analytical and syntactic means. The superlative degree formation exposes one of the most significant striking features of analytical based formation, that of obtaining adverbs denoting quantity and nouns which amplify and intensify the degree of quality expressed by the adjective. In other words, the procedures used in constituting superlative degree of adjectives in Albanian are purely analytical. In attempt to conduct a survey and a contrastive analysis between Albanian and some other Indo- European languages among which; English, Italian, French we have exploited an abundant number of adjectives superlative degree formation drawing some general distinctive lines on how and to what expend these differences are elaborated in several languages. Approaching the basic distinguishable properties among the given languages helped us providing a rich supply of arguments sustaining the general aim of this paper.

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