Aliénation et conscience de soi dans l’antiquité gréco-romaine
Alienation and self-consciousness in Greco-Roman antiquity

Summary/Abstract: Antiquity does not speak of alienation, but it already reflects on the strangeness to oneself. For Plato, the soul, exiled from its rational nature, lives in illusion. Philosophy is a return to truth – an inner liberation through the knowledge of the Good. For the Stoics, alienation is an inner servitude born of poor judgment, submission to the passions, and attachment to external goods. Only reason makes true freedom possible: self-mastery and a return to what is within our control.

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