Sofisti i filozofija politike
Sophists and Philosophy of Politics

Summary/Abstract: The question of the merits and original contributions of the Sophists, as well as their shortcomings, continues to provoke conflicting views. The affirmation of rational consciousness as a medium for comprehending the axiological and political reality, on which a new paideia was founded, positioned the Sophists as “enlighteners.” The limitation of this turn lies in the inherent incapacity of rational consciousness to articulate the universal character of human action and world-view. The absence of a unified doctrinal approach and the inability to universalize newly emerging axiological claims in the works of Plato and Aristotle positioned the Sophists as founders of a “relativistic culture.” This laid the foundation for their negative reputation, while their contribution to posing fundamental questions questions that would later find their full affirmation in the works of ancient philosophers is often overlooked. Among such questions are key topics in political philosophy, including education and political expertise, the veracity of political speech, the origin of the state, and the value of law and justice.

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