Artificial Intelligence Applications in Road and Rail Transport Risk Management: A Review Between Innovation and Necessity
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Road and Rail Transport Risk Management: A Review Between Innovation and Necessity

Summary/Abstract: This review explores the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing risk management for road and rail transport systems, with a particular focus on the Eastern European context. In an era marked by increasing exposure to natural hazards and aging infrastructure, artificial intelligence technologies offer innovative tools for predictive maintenance, object detection, and real-time hazard monitoring. Drawing on five international case studies, the analysis synthesizes key developments and identifies potential applications relevant to the Eastern European region, demonstrating how technological advancements can serve as models and inspiration. Emphasis is placed on integrating artificial intelligence with Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing, highlighting how these technologies can support early warning systems and spatial decision-making. The paper discusses current limitations in the region, including gaps in funding, data infrastructure, and institutional readiness, and proposes directions for future research and regional policy strategies. The analysis underscores the necessity of adopting intelligent systems to enhance the resilience and sustainability of transport in hazard-prone areas.

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