O konopiach w farmacji. Historia sprzed odkrycia tetrahydrokannabinolu – THC
History of Cannabis in pharmacy prior to the discovery of tetrahydrocannabinol – THC

Summary/Abstract: Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is one of the earliest domesticated plants, cultivated for thousands of years for its useful properties, including medicinal properties.In Polish herbal and botanical literature, they are already described in Renaissance herbariums, but an increase in interest in their medicinal applications has been observed since the mid-nineteenth century.While original research papers on Cannabis, published in Polish at that time, are scarce, in the professional press addressed to doctors and pharmacists, reprints and studies of articles from the world medical and pharmaceutical literature appear relatively often.At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, cannabis preparations, in the form of tinctures, thick extract of the herb and infl orescences of cannabis, became popular and often used around the world, including in the USA and European countries.The most common indications of medical cannabis preparations in the early 20s of the twentieth century. These included: treatment of headaches, migraines, insomnia, mental illnesses, neuralgia, various gynecological diseases and many others. Relatively early, at the end of the 19th century, the risk of addiction was indicated, especially associated with long-term use of certain cannabis preparations (especially hashish).The first legal regulations limiting the availability of cannabis, including medicinal preparations, in Western countries were introduced in the USA in 1906, and in 1937 the USA introduced a law outlawing marijuana under the influence of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics.Awareness of the dangers associated with the growing illegal trade in narcotic drugs prompted the governments of many countries to counteract these practices in the period preceding World War II at the forum of the League of Nations. However, it was not until 1961 that a resolution was adopted at the UN forum to outlaw the cultivation, production, possession and sale of drugs, including cannabis. Regardless of administrative efforts to curb drug trafficking, scientific research into the properties of cannabis continued, which contributed to a number of discoveries, a better understanding of its chemical and medicinal properties, and its reintroduction into modern medicine.

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