ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN NATIONAL LAW: APPLICATIONS, RISKS AND PERSPECTIVES
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN NATIONAL LAW: APPLICATIONS, RISKS AND PERSPECTIVES

Summary/Abstract: The rapid development and increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the legal domain raise fundamental questions regarding its compatibility with the core principles of law and the rule of law. AI-based tools are increasingly employed to support legal research, document drafting, information processing, and decision-oriented analysis, offering significant gains in efficiency and accessibility. However, these technological advances also generate substantial risks, particularly in relation to legal certainty, professional responsibility, and the protection of fundamental rights, especially when AI-generated outputs are perceived or relied upon as authoritative legal advice. This paper argues that artificial intelligence, operating through probabilistic and statistical models rather than normative legal reasoning, cannot substitute human legal judgment, which requires contextual interpretation, accountability, and responsibility. Building on the regulatory framework established by Regulation (EU)2024/1689 (AI Act), the analysis emphasizes the need for clear conceptual distinctions between legal information and legal advice, reinforced human oversight, and appropriate regulatory safeguards. The study ultimately advocates for an approach in which AI is conceived strictly as an auxiliary tool undereffective legal control, in order to preserve legal certainty and uphold the fundamental principles of law in the digital age.

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