The strategic choice for resolving the “U-space” – “No drone zones” dilemma in the controlled airspace of international airports in Bulgaria
The strategic choice for resolving the “U-space” – “No drone zones” dilemma in the controlled airspace of international airports in Bulgaria

Summary/Abstract: This report analyses strategic alternatives for resolving the dilemma between "U-space" and "No Drone Zones" in the controlled airspace of international airports in Bulgaria, seeking a balance between innovations in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and aviation safety. "U-space" regulated by European standards, facilitates the integration of drones up to 120 meters above ground through automated air traffic management, while "No Drone Zones" restrict operations around airports to protect manned aircraft. By examining European regulatory frameworks and a case study on the safety of Sofia Airport, the study proposes a roadmap for integrating "U-space" infrastructure into existing air traffic management systems. The roadmap leverages the potential of artificial intelligence to predict the coverage of telecommunications operators at altitudes up to 120 meters, enabling the development of "U-space" infrastructure while ensuring service continuity to minimize risks to manned aircraft. The findings highlight the need for a phased implementation of the proposed roadmap to account for the time required to foster a new aviation culture that includes drones as new participants in air traffic. The study contributes to the global debate on UAS by offering a local perspective, proposing a practical model for development in Bulgaria with potential for international adaptation in a competitive aviation environment.

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