«СВІЙ-ЧУЖИЙ-ІНШИЙ» В ФОЛЬКЛОРІ ЕТНОКОНТАКТНОЇ ЗОНИ: ЗА МАТЕРІАЛАМИ КОЛЕКЦІЇ П.Т.МАРКУШЕВСЬКОГО В ДЕРЖАВНОМУ АРХІВІ ОДЕСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
«OWN-FOREIGN-OTHER» IN THE FOLKLORE OF THE ETHNO-CONTACT ZONE: MATERIALS FROM THE COLLECTION OF P. T. MARKUSHEVSKY IN THE STATE ARCHIVE OF THE ODESA REGION

Summary/Abstract: The problem of ethnic identity in ethno-contact zones requires research based on a complex of various sources. This approach contributes to the formulation of more substantiated conclusions. It must also be considered that each group of sources carries mainly ethnically specific information, which is inherent in this group of sources. In this case, the opposition «own alien» is reflected in the folklore heritage and is a promising subject of research on the issue of interethnic contacts and ethnic stereotypes in ethno-contact zones, which are regions of coexistence of representatives of different ethnic groups. The development of the ethnic culture of Ukrainians took place in the East-West dichotomy, the Slavic-Orthodox and Roman Catholic worlds. The borderline way of life, polytheism, landscape, socio-economic, ethnopsychological diversity of inhabitants dictated the formation of socio-cultural identity through the opposition of «one’s»-«someone else’s». This opposition has become one of the important concepts of the formation of ethnic culture. The modern era of globalization dictates the need for self-preservation through a more vivid expression of regional specifics. The subject of our study is the folklore of Ukrainians of the Transnistrian regions, which enter the ethno-contact zone. These are texts of Ukrainian folk songs, rituals, as well as mostly lyrical, domestic and comic character (genre), which reflect the relationship, the perception of representatives of other ethnic groups and cultures. The analysis of the texts testifies to a clear understanding, in this case by the Ukrainians, of the carriers of other ethnic identities. In the category of «strangers» automatically include representatives of other ethnic groups on the basis of certain categories (religion, upbringing, etc.). So, living on ethnic territory automatically made Ukrainians «their own», although strangers could also call residents of other settlements. Preservation of traditions, rituals, culture and language by the diaspora classifies them as «their own» or «others».

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