Bilgi Ortamında Harekât: Bilgiye Yönelik ve Bilişsel Harp Üzerine Kavramsal Çerçeve Önerisi
Information Environment Operations: A Conceptual Framework Proposal on Knowledge-Focused Warfare and Cognitive Warfare

Summary/Abstract: This study aims to reconstruct the conceptual framework for operations conducted within the information environment while addressing terminological confusion in Turkish literature. It has two primary objectives: first, to expose the epistemological and operational shortcomings of the term “bilgi harbi” (information warfare) and to propose a more comprehensive alternative; second, to systematically categorize activities within the information environment. The study highlights that the Turkish translation of “information warfare” as “bilgi harbi” leads to semantic and doctrinal distortions, advocating for “Information Environment Operations” as a more fitting umbrella term compatible with NATO doctrines. This environment is examined holistically, encompassing its physical, virtual, and cognitive dimensions. The primary contribution of this study is the systematic classification of operations in the information environment into two main categories: Knowledge-Focused Warfare (KFW) and Cognitive Warfare (CW). KFW targets the enemy’s information systems using technical tools such as cyber and electronic warfare, while CW directly influences the human mind through techniques like influence warfare, disinformation, and psychological operations. In the context of modern hybrid conflicts, these two areas get increasingly intertwined. In conclusion, the study underscores the strategic necessity of developing a clear and consistent conceptual framework for information environment operations tailored to the Turkish Armed Forces and national security institutions. It also provides essential conceptual guidance for both practitioners and academics in the fields of security studies and strategic communication.

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