Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Short-Form Safety Climate Scale for Healthcare Institutions: A Methodological Study
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Short-Form Safety Climate Scale for Healthcare Institutions: A Methodological Study

Summary/Abstract: The Safety Climate Scale is an essential tool for understanding employees’ shared perceptions of occupational safety but required adaptation for use in Turkish healthcare settings. The purpose of this study was to linguistically and culturally adapt the scale to ensure its validity and reliability and to measure healthcare workers’ perceptions of safety. A cross-sectional and methodological design was employed, collecting data from 421 healthcare workers in a hospital in Niğde, Türkiye. Data were gathered via face-to-face interviews and online methods using a two-part questionnaire, including sociodemographic data and the Turkish version of the scale. The analyses, which were carried out using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0, included descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). For linguistic validity, the scale was translated into Turkish and back-translated to verify semantic consistency. Expert opinions and Content Validity Index (CVI) calculations confirmed content validity, retaining all items. Four items with low factor loadings were eliminated using EFA, leaving a 36-item, five-component structure. CFA validated this structure with improved model fit. The sample consisted of 72.7% participants aged 18– 44, 51.3% female, and 52.5% holding associate or bachelor’s degrees. Most participants (82%) worked in healthcare services, and 57.5% were shift workers. The scale explained 83.905% of the total variance, with a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.98, indicating high reliability. These results confirm the scale’s validity and reliability providing a robust tool for evaluating safety climate in Turkish healthcare institutions.

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