THE COMPOSITION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: BETWEEN THE INFLUENCE OF ETHNICITY AND INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEES Cover Image

LA COMPOSITION DE LA COUR CONSTITUTIONNELLE DE BOSNIE-HERZÉGOVINE : ENTRE INFLUENCE DU FACTEUR ETHNIQUE ET GARANTIES INTERNATIONALES
THE COMPOSITION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: BETWEEN THE INFLUENCE OF ETHNICITY AND INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEES

Author(s): Laura Montanari
Subject(s): Politics, Constitutional Law, Politics and law, Inter-Ethnic Relations, Sociology of Law, Peace and Conflict Studies, Court case
Published by: INSTITUT LOUIS FAVOREU
Keywords: Constitutional Court; international judges; ethnic representation; institutional legitimacy; institutional pluralism; judicial independence;

Summary/Abstract: The Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, established within the framework of the Dayton Agreements, embodies a unique interplay between internal ethno-national dynamics and international guarantees. Its composition – combining judges appointed by the two Entities with “international” judges designated via the European Court of Human Rights – raises significant issues of legitimacy, independence, and representation. The analysis shows that this hybrid structure directly shapes the Court’s decisions, particularly in cases concerning the 1 Comme on le sait, la Constitution de la BosnieHerzégovine est une annexe des Accords de Dayton ; son objectif principal est de contribuer à la pacification du pays, mais le système ainsi créé n’est pas fonctionnel pour sa consolidation démocratique. Dans un commentaire dans la Revue française de droit constitutionnel de 1995, Patrice Gélard définissait la Constitution de la Bosnie-Herzégovine comme une « monstruosité juridique qui instaure un État invivable » : P. Gélard, « Actualité constitutionnelle en Europe de l’Est », Revue française de droit constitutionnel, 1995, p. 863. La Commission de Venise elle-même a d’ailleurs reconnu que : « Son objectif principal [de la Constitution] était de mettre fin au conflit sanglant dans le pays et non d’établir un multiethnic balance and the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms. Recent political crises, marked by blocked appointments and challenges to the role of international judges, have intensified tensions surrounding the institution’s functioning. Despite these difficulties, the presence of foreign judges provides essential openness and helps preserve the rule of law in an institutionally fragile context.

  • Issue Year: 2025
  • Issue No: 42
  • Page Range: 44-52
  • Page Count: 9
  • Language: French
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