Частица передачи речи pe в татышлинском говоре удмуртского языка
Reported speech particle pe in Tatyshly Udmurt

Summary/Abstract: The paper examines the semantic and syntactic properties of the particle pe in the Tatyshly dialect of Udmurt (Republic of Bashkortostan) in comparison with the standard (literary) Udmurt and Besermyan language varieties. A corpus of Tatyshly Udmurt texts is analyzed. In terms of semantic properties, the particle is an optional marker of reportative evidentiality with broad semantics and is used in the contexts of reporting second-hand information, rumors, and folklore. It also marks the speaker’s transmission of his own speech; in standard Udmurt and Besermyan, this function is assigned to a separate particle. The pragmatic and discourse functions attested in the other language varieties are not found in the Tatyshly Udmurt corpus. In terms of syntactic properties, pe is used both in constructions with and without the verb of speech. In the vast majority of cases, the particle is an enclitic and occupies the second position. Generally, it does not break the first noun phrase or postpositional phrase but there are cases in which it is located between the adjective sə̑še ‘such’ and the nominal head. The second most common position is the preverbal one. In the preverbal position, pe can phonetically attach to it and thus act as a proclitic, which was not stated in the works of predecessors for other Udmurt varieties. Also, the clitic can occur in a clause more than once. In this case, it most often occupies the second position and the next available position («X1 pe X2 pe (X3 X4…)»).

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