ON BEŞ YIL SAVAŞLARI DÖNEMİNİN EN KRİTİK SAFHASI: HABSBURGLARIN BUDİN’İ ELE GEÇİRME ÇABALARI (1598 VE 1602/1603)
THE MOST CRITICAL PHASE OF THE FIFTEEN YEARS WAR: THE HABSBURGS’ ATTEMPT TO CAPTURE BUDA

Summary/Abstract: When Suleiman the Magnificent ascended the throne in 1520, one of his goals was to conquer the Hungarian lands, which were located at a geopolitical point to open up to Central Europe from the Balkan geography. For this purpose, he conquered Belgrade Castle in 1521 and he facilitated the road to Buda, the center of Central Europe. In 1526, after the collapse of the Hungarian Kingdom with the victory of Mohács, Buda was ruled by local vassals of the Ottomans. However, because of Austrian threat, in 1541, Buda was annexed and directly incorporated into the imperial territory. In order to strengthen the defense of Buda, the surrounding castles were taken one by one and a defense line was formed. Buda remained peaceful until the last quarter of the XVIth century. During this period, Habsburg Emperor Rudolf of the II aimed to seize Buda and gain supremacy in Hungary. Thus, he captured Esztergom, Vác and Hatvan to facilitate the road to Buda. Especially in 1598, the presence of part of the Ottoman forces in front of Oradea was a good opportunity for attacking Buda. The siege, which lasted about a month, ended in failure. During the Long Wars, the Habsburg forces dared to lay siege to Buda two more times, but they were unsuccessful due to the good defense of Buda by the defenders and the passage of the siege season.

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