Декабрьский Пленум ЦК ВКП(б) 1930 года: между политической риторикой и экономической катастрофой
The December Plenum of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1930: Between Political Rhetoric and Economic Catastrophe

Summary/Abstract: This article examines the role of the Plenum of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (AUCP(b)) (December 17–21, 1930) as a link between the 16th Congress of the AUCP(b) (June — July 1930), which declared high targets for the five-year plan, the session of the Central Executive Committee (January 3–12, 1931), and the All-Union Conference of Workers in Socialist Industry (late January 1931). The article reconstructs the dynamics of the preparation of the Plenum, i. e. the compilation of its agenda and the preparation of all the resolutions that the Plenum was to adopt, especially on the control figures for the development of the national economy of the USSR for 1931, as well as the course of work of the Plenum of the Central Committee of the AUCP(b) and the influence it had on the activities of the party and state authorities and administration. During the preparation of the plenum, Stalin and the Politburo of the Central Committee of the AUCP(b) changed the indicators of the five-year plan upwards. However, at the meeting of the plenum, the employees of the Supreme Council of the National Economy, people’s commissars, secretaries of regional and territorial party committees, and chairmen of executive committees expressed reasonable doubts about the success of fulfilling the high indicators. They voiced a number of problems inherent in both the entire national economy of the USSR and the regional economy: the lack of labor, fuel, transportation, imbalance in various industries, and poor planning. Although the previously prepared resolutions were not changed, the Central Committee of the AUCP(b)and the government adopted a number of decisions to correct transportation problems, build industrial enterprises, and provide workers with housing. The main result the second year of the five-year plan was declared to be “the construction of the foundation of a socialist economy”.

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