УСАДЬБА В СТРУКТУРЕ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОГО ГОРОДИЩА КАРАКЕМЕР: ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВА И ЕГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ
THE ESTATE WITHIN THE STRUCTURE OF THE MEDIEVAL FORTIFIED SETTLEMENT OF KARAKEMER: SPATIAL ORGANIZATION AND USE

Summary/Abstract: This article examines a standalone estate as an important element of the suburban layout of the medieval settlement of Karakemer. Based on archaeological excavations, the study analyzes the layout of the estate, the functional features of its rooms, and the character of interior space utilization. The research identified residential and economic zones, tandyrs, hearths, and washing installations, which made it possible to reconstruct the daily life of the inhabitants. The analysis of archaeological materials clarified the chronology of the site (11th —12th centuries) and revealed its cultural specificity. The ceramic assemblage is dominated by unglazed kitchenware, mainly cauldrons similar to those from Jetisu and Southern Kazakhstan, particularly the Talas River valley. A comparative analysis of the ceramic complex shows that the pottery dates to the 10th —12th centuries. The osteological material shows a predominance of small ruminant bones. The study of dental wear, pathologies, and butchering marks made it possible to determine the seasonality of slaughter and the characteristics of household animal husbandry. Individual finds reflect the level of craft production and the persistence of traditional beliefs. The results of the research demonstrate that estates played a significant role in the organization of urban life in medieval Karakemer, combining residential, economic, and social functions. The research findings indicate that the manor complexes played a significant role in the organization of urban life in medieval Karakemer, allowing for a deeper understanding of the socio-economic structure of the region's medieval cities and enabling the partial reconstruction of the daily life features of their population.

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