Soft Factors Driving the Resilience of European Cities
Soft Factors Driving the Resilience of European Cities

Summary/Abstract: European cities are at the forefront of addressing contemporary challenges and crises. The relationship between citizens and cities is often perceived as immediate, rendering the construction of resilient cities and communities essential in a dynamically changing world. Urban resilience is a complex and evolving phenomenon that encompasses both hard and soft factors. This article specifically examines soft factors related to urban resilience, with particular emphasis on communal culture and identity, and seeks to identify the positioning of selected European cities within this context. The findings confirm the significance of soft factors in strengthening urban resilience and highlight their key role in addressing current challenges faced by the European Union. The article concludes by summarising the impact of the analysed factors on the future resilience of European cities, underlining their importance for a robust and resilient European Union.

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