Wolność pozytywna czy negatywna? Typy wolności wobec unijnych certyfikatów COVID-19 w Polsce. Badania pilotażowe
Positive or Negative Freedom? Types of Freedom Towards EU COVID-19 Certificates in Poland. A Pilot Study

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this paper was to explore the relationship between the respondent’s identified type of freedom and their attitudes towards the potential decision to introduce EU COVID-19 certificates. We take the COVID-19 certificate assessments as a context for analysing the practical functioning of different types of freedom in crisis situations. A further aim is to structure attitudes towards the certificates by superimposing a grid composed of theoretical types of freedom (positive freedom and negative freedom, and ‘from’ and ‘to’ freedom).Four types of freedom were the subject of the empirical research: freedom of choice, freedom as autonomy, freedom as self-realisation and freedom as a human right used to establish the dominant type of freedom (positive freedom - negative freedom; freedom ‘from’ - freedom ‘to’) in the face of the possibility of COVID-19 certificates.

• Details
• Contents