QUELQUES MÉTHODES ET OUTILS D’ANALYSE DES DISCOURS. L’EXEMPLE DE L’INTERVIEW « LE BAC: UN SMIC CULTUREL», DONNÉ PAR FRANÇOIS DUBET
SOME METHODS AND TOOLS FOR DISCOURSE ANALYSIS. THE EXAMPLE OF THE INTERVIEW "LE BAC: UN SMIC CULTUREL" (IN ENGLISH: "THE BAC: A CULTURAL MINIMUM WAGE"), GIVEN BY FRANÇOIS DUBET

Summary/Abstract: This article explores the integral role of text analysis tools in the construction and understanding of discourse. It emphasizes the necessity of mastering analytical methods for both identifying and interpreting data within a corpus. The process of corpus validation is underscored through three primary criteria: significance, acceptability, and usability. The study further delineates the types and characteristics of corpora, including reference, study, written, oral, monolingual, multilingual (comparable and parallel), synchronic, and diachronic corpora, along with the distinction between open and closed corpora. A central focus is placed on the enunciative approach, which examines how a speaker's presence is encoded in language through deictics, modalizers, and logical connectors. These linguistic markers provide insight into the speaker’s stance, the argumentative structure, and the pragmatic organization of discourse. The article concludes with an applied analysis of a journalistic text titled “Le bac: un smic culturel”, illustrating the use of enunciative indicators and argument types to reveal speaker positioning and discursive strategy. This investigation contributes to a deeper understanding of discourse mechanisms and the analytical frameworks required to study them effectively.

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