Digital Transformation in Education: Assessing the Impact of E-Learning Platforms on Student Engagement in Romanian High Schools
Digital Transformation in Education: Assessing the Impact of E-Learning Platforms on Student Engagement in Romanian High Schools

Summary/Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has catalyzed an unprecedented digital transformation in education, compelling Romanian high schools to rapidly adopt e-learning platforms. This study assesses the impact of these platforms on student engagement, integrating technological, psychological, and infrastructural perspectives through a mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected from 97 respondents via structured surveys, while qualitative insights were obtained through semi-structured interviews and open-ended survey items. Results highlight significant disparities in engagement levels between students in urban and rural areas (p < 0.05), underscoring the persistent digital divide in Eastern Europe. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) revealed that cognitive openness (β =0.38, p < 0.01), risk tolerance (β = 0.41, p < 0.001), and organizational climate (β =0.27, p < 0.05) significantly influence innovation intentions in digital education contexts. Thematic analysis further identified trust, shared vision, and institutional support as key enablers of effective online engagement, while bureaucracy and misaligned goals acted as barriers. Despite offering continuity during the pandemic, only 41%of participants considered e-learning platforms sustainable for long-term educational quality. The study advocates for a balanced hybrid model, combining digital flexibility with in-person interaction, supported by targeted investments in infrastructure and teacher training. These findings inform policy frameworks aimed at fostering inclusive, resilient, and adaptive digital education ecosystems in Romania and beyond.

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