Problémy s obživou v pasteveckých oblastech vysokohorské Asie
Livelihood Problems in the Pastoral Regions of High Mountain Asia

Summary/Abstract: Shrinking pastoral spaces are a global phenomenon, particularly in mountain areas. Interrupted migration routes, state regulations, and control by administrative and powerful actors have contributed to this process, along with settlement expansion and modernization strategies. The 20th century saw infrastructure development, cultivation of previously untouched lands, deforestation, revaluation of natural assets, and population growth. Archaic extensive pastoral practices clashed with modernization and technological progress. Modernization promoters advocated for a 'modern' mobile society while dismissing traditional mobility as outdated. This reflects a long-standing cultural conflict between mobile and sedentary communities. Shrinking pastoral spaces are both a spatial and a political, socio-cultural, and development-theory-driven process accelerating sedentarization. The forced settlement of all nomads in the People's Republic of China exemplifies this. The article discusses a 'tragedy of responsibility' in the rangelands, highlighting diversity and legislative differences within the framework of social and climate change in High Asian pastoral spaces.

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