Evaluarea impactului asupra Drepturilor Fundamentale (FRIA) în sistemele de inteligență artificială
Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA) in Artificial Intelligence Systems

Summary/Abstract: The acceleration of digitalization and the integration of artificial intelligence systems into key sectors such as justice, healthcare, education, and public administration are fundamentally reshaping the relationship between technology and human rights. In this context, the European Union, through Article 27 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act), introduces the obligation to conduct a Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA) for high-risk AI systems, marking a paradigm shift toward anticipatory algorithmic governance. This paper analyses the legal foundations and the specific conditions under which FRIA becomes mandatory, detailing its minimum content as required by law. It examines international methodological models proposed in academic literature (Mantelero, HH4AI, ALIGNER, FRIAct) and formulates a proposal for coherent implementation of FRIA in Romanian law. The final section addresses institutional, legal, and technical challenges, proposing concrete reforms aimed at transforming FRIA into an effective tool for protecting fundamental rights in the age of algorithmic decision-making.

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