Intervention Methods in Control and Communication Systems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Analysis and Evaluation of Signal Quality
Intervention Methods in Control and Communication Systems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Analysis and Evaluation of Signal Quality

Summary/Abstract: This research investigates the methods of radio-electronic warfare (REW) against the control and communication systems of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and analyzes the performance of their telemetry systems. The growing use of UAVs in both military and civilian applications makes it essential to prevent REW interventions targeting their communication and control systems.The study analyzes the effects of GPS jamming, spoofing, electromagnetic pulses (EMP), cyberattacks, and artificial intelligence-based interference technologies on UAVs. REW interventions are used to disrupt UAV communication, cause loss of control, or render them functionally inoperative. In particular, blocking or falsifying GNSS signals can cause UAVs to operate with incorrect coordinates or completely lose control.The distance-dependent changes in communication parameters such as Path Loss (PL) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in UAV communication systems were modeled using the Python programming language. Graphs showing the relationship between distance and Path Loss, and distance and SNR were generated using the Matplotlib library.The diagrams indicate that high-frequency modules (XBee PRO S2C – 2.4 GHz) experience greater Path Loss and a faster decline in communication quality. In contrast, low-frequency modules (RFD900+ – 900 MHz and TBS Crossfire – 868 MHz) provide more stable communication and allow signals to propagate over longer distances.The findings of this study show that enhancing the resilience of UAVs to REW attacks requires the use of low-frequency communication modules, implementation of anti-jamming technologies, and development of defense strategies such as adaptive frequency hopping. This research provides a scientific foundation for improving the effectiveness of UAV control and communication systems against REW interference.

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