Unveiling exogenous gaps enabling a cluster organization’s internationalization process
Unveiling exogenous gaps enabling a cluster organization’s internationalization process

Summary/Abstract: Purpose– We examined the internationalization process of business promotion organizations. We focused onthe key stages and strategies and how the networks formed during this process can support their partners,particularly SMEs, in facilitating international expansion.Design/methodology/approach– The theoretical lens: We combined the experiential learning-commitmentinterplay of the Uppsala model with a similar mechanism focused on business network relationships.A qualitative methodology: We used it to explore the question and the various forms of embeddedness withinnetworks, offering an in-depth examination, particularly in the challenging natural settings of a clusterorganization in geographic information systems (GIS).Findings– We found that the cluster organization’s internationalization began regionally, forging connectionswith clusters in the Nordic and Baltic countries and Europe. Over time, the cluster recognized the importance ofinnovation leadership, leading to the integration of its core competencies with complementary technologiesfrom other global geospatial technology hubs.Research limitations/implications– The study fills research gaps by examining global linkages betweenregional clusters and international partners, focusing on external gaps. We explored how clusters can leverageglobal innovation systems and networks for matchmaking, capitalization and investment. Moreover, weaddressed the need for more research on cross-cluster gaps and barriers to global market interaction.By providing insights into expanding beyond local interactions, the study enhances understanding of howclusters can increase the global reach and competitiveness of firms within them.Originality/value– The platform established during the internationalization process was crucial, as SMEswithin clusters often lack the resources, time and expertise to enter international markets alone. This platformhelps SMEs overcome barriers such as size, resources and unfamiliarity with foreign markets.

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