MARSİLYA TARİFESİNİN FENİKE KURBAN RİTÜELLERİNİN ANLAŞILMASI AÇISINDAN ÖNEMİ
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MARSEILLE TARIFF FOR UNDERSTANDING PHOENICIAN SACRIFICIAL RITUALS

Summary/Abstract: Sacrifice which lies at the core of the Phoenician religious practices encompasses both bloody and bloodless sacrifices in which humans, animals, food, drinks, and various objects might be offered to the deities. Tophets, that is the sacred sites where human and animal sacrifices were conducted, hold significant importance in understanding the mechanism of sacrificial practices. Besides the sacrificial remains unearthed in tophets, which were located in numerous sites, primary ones of whose was Carthage, inscriptions also provide significant insights about internal mechanisms of these practices. One such inscription, which forms the central subject of this study, is the Marseille Tariff. The information on this tariff, which was discovered in Marseille, but then it was understood that it originated in Carthage, sheds light on the Phoenician religious and sacrificial rituals. In addition to this, by comparing the tariff with the Carthage Tariff which belongs to the Phoenicians and the other similar sacrifice tariffs, it becomes more comprehensible how the sacrificial practices unfolded in terms of time and space. An examination of the Marseille Tariff’s content and its close relationship with Phoenician religious rituals shows that there is a similar motivation and function in sacrifice, which is one of the foundational practices of today’s Abrahamic religions. In these terms, this study focuses on showing the significance of Marseille Tariff in comprehending the Phoenician religious practices and the profound impact of this civilization, which influenced the Mediterranean world in economic, social, and cultural aspects, on religious practices.

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