Інституційні детермінанти розвитку електронної комерції у світі та в Україні
Institutional Determinants of the Development of Electronic Commerce in the World and in Ukraine

Summary/Abstract: The article examines the impact of institutional factors on the development of e-commerce globally and in Ukraine. It analyzes key aspects such as the demographic situation, education level, security of electronic transactions, economic development, competitive environment, international context, and natural phenomena (disasters, natural-climatic conditions, and unforeseen natural events). Challenges related to an imperfect legislative framework that corresponds to the pace of e-commerce growth are discussed, as well as issues concerning the protection of intellectual property and the financial aspects of transactions in the online environment. Special attention is given to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the acceleration of digitalization and the use of artificial intelligence and drones in improving e-commerce. It is noted that China is a leader in the e-commerce market, followed by the USA in second place and Europe in third. In terms of online market volume, the USA, China, and the United Kingdom hold the top positions. Leading online stores such as Amazon, Alibaba, Aliexpress, and Taobao are highlighted. A table of factors influencing e-commerce is compiled, consisting of 10 groups. The main indicators of e-commerce development in developed countries and in Ukraine are analyzed, and key growth trends in this trade sector are anticipated for the coming years. Particular attention is paid to the spread of mobile commerce as an important trend in this field. The study also includes an overview of the prospects for e-commerce development in Ukraine and substantiates the need for legislative reform and support for infrastructure projects to facilitate this process. Proposals are developed to overcome obstacles to the development of domestic e-commerce. Directions for further research in the field of e-commerce are indicated.

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