Ekonomiczno-polityczne uwarunkowania projektów integracji europejskiej przed układem o EWWiS
Economic and political conditions of European integration project before the ECSC Agreement

Summary/Abstract: The initial projects of European integration were confederal. A. Smith’s idea of free trade rejected protectionism; C. Jungler, L. Mises, N. Kondratiev and J. Schumpeter proved that it distorted the sinusoidal flow of the economic cycle. However, the nationalism espoused by various European countries led them to introduce tariffs and protective measures aimed at protecting do- mestic production, which in turn spiraled into trade and currency wars as well as armed conflicts. After World War I, L. Sturzo proposed the economic and political unification of European countries in the Common Market form. His proposal, combining the principles of subsidiarity, solidarity anddivided sovereignty with the principles of American functionalism, became the basis of the Christian Democratic concept of European integration. It was complemented by J. Monnet’s strategy of “par- tially” achieving the first stage of European integration: the European Coal and Steel Community.

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