The Role of State Aid in the COVID-19 Pandemic – Polish Case Study
The Role of State Aid in the COVID-19 Pandemic – Polish Case Study

Summary/Abstract: The article aims to assess the utility of the legal instruments im-plemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of responding to othersudden crises with vast economic consequences. The analysis will consist ofpresenting the legal basis for state aid, the measures undertaken and their con-sequences on both the EU and national level.Firstly, the legal response to the crisis on the EU level will be tackledwith a particular focus on the provisions of the temporary framework. Otherpossible legal bases will also be taken into consideration – Article 107(2)bTFEU, Article 107(3)c TFEU, de minimis regulation, General Block Exemp-tion Regulation. Secondly, the response to the crisis in Poland will be analysedon two levels: legislation (implementation of the “anti-crisis shield”) and juris-prudence (using the example of the judgement of the Administrative Court inOpole I SA/Op 97/21 from April 23, 2021, which resolved the legal controver-sies regarding the so-called PKD classification).

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