Arap Şiirinde Bir Aruz Hususiyeti Olan ‘Tedvîr’in Klasik Türk Şiirindeki İzleri
Traces of ‘Tadwīr’, a Distinctive Feature in Arabic Poetry, in Classical Turkish Poetry

Summary/Abstract: Different nations that came into contact with Arabs incorporated the aruz (metrical system) into their own poetry by adapting it to the unique linguistic characteristics of their languages. Particularly in Persian literature, starting from the 11th century, aruz began to evolve according to the peculiarities of the Persian language. In Turkish literature, however, the adaptation of aruz to Turkish was shaped more by practical applications than by theoretical foundations. Over time, Turkish poets managed to adapt aruz to their language and composed Turkish poetry within the framework of the rules they had established. Nevertheless, they have rarely adapted some of the aruz applications used in Arabic poetry to Turkish poetry. One such application is tadwīr, which means splitting a word between the two lines of a couplet, resulting in mudawwar couplets. It is a problem that, in the works written on aruz in Turkish literature, either there has been no mention of mudawwar couplets or the conclusion has been drawn from a few examples that this usage is quite limited in Turkish poetry. The aim of our study is to address the presence of tadwīr, which is found in Arabic poetry and reportedly not encountered in Persian poetry, in Turkish poetry and to explain the presence of tadwīr and mudawwar couplets in Turkish literature through examples that have not been highlighted. Firstly, the article focuses on the definition, origin, development, transition, and application of aruz in Turkish poetry using document analysis, a qualitative research method. The connection and differences between Arabic aruz and Turkish aruz are discussed. Then, the concepts of tadwīr and mudawwar couplets are explained, and various terminologies are addressed, with efforts made to illuminate the topic through examples from Arabic poetry. Sources related to the application of aruz in Turkish poetry were examined to investigate whether the concepts of tadwīr and mudawwar couplets are present in Turkish literature. As a result of the examination, it was observed that the concepts of tadwīr and mudawwar couplets were either not mentioned at all in the relevant sources, or conclusions were drawn from one or two examples found in a single study. After addressing the reasons for this, different examples from the 15th to the 19th century were analyzed, and the results obtained were presented.

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