ZNAČAJ SANITARNO-HIGIJENSKOG ODRŽAVANJA BAZENA U PREVENCIJI ŠIRENJA PATOGENIH MIKROORGANIZAMA
THE IMPORTANCE OF SANITARY AND HYGIENIC POOL MAINTENANCE IN PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS

Summary/Abstract: Water is a basic need for every living creature and therefore it is important to ensure its safety whether we are drinking it or using it for recreational purposes or rehabilitation. Humans consume large amounts of water for their homes, agriculture, industry, making of energy, pharmacies and recreation. Nowadays, visiting swimming pools for recreational, sports, or rehabilitation purposes has become an essential part of life. Pools have become very popular, and an increasing number of households are installing them for their own needs. Therefore, it is necessary to have proper control of these pools in order to protect the health of the users. Pool water is a complex medium where different types of pathogenic microorganisms can be spread. Beside basic functions designed for its users, there are unwanted effects since recreational activities in pools as well as rehabilitation can cause harm to somebody's health if proper safety measures are not taken and this way we can minimize negative effects. In these mediums, pregnant women alongside toddlers, swimmers and persons with disabilities are predisposed to infections. Desinfection plays a big role in mantaining high quality standards for pool waters and this is the basic method to minimize the risks for potential microbiological dangers.Even if desinfection plays a big part in avoiding the spread of pathogenic species, they still often remain inside waters used for recreation and rehabilitation. Standard desinfectant doses made of chloride do not destroy pathogenic microorganisms and their presence in water mediums increases with time.They either exist as plancton cells or they are present inside structures known as biofilm. Biofilm is considered to be a mass of microorganisms cells that are glued to each other. These microorganisms create an extracellular polymeric supstance (EPS), a gelatinose polymer made of polysaharides and polypeptides.EPS helps microorganisms to stay together and it protects them from external (bilogical, chemical and physical) factors.Inside the biofilm, microorganisms are efficiently protected from external factors, desinfection agents, turbulent flow of water, oscilations in temperature values and other factors. Recreation as a way to keep being healthy and have working ability is a very strong need for modern humans since it is shown that their living conditions, working capabilities and lifespan are affected by negative factors, especially when living in big urban areas.

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