Rosyjsko-białoruskie działania hybrydowe na granicach Unii Europejskiej i NATO
Russian-Belarusian hybrid activities on the borders of the European Union and NATO

Summary/Abstract: The complexity of the threats at the eastern border of the European Union (EU) and NATO is primarily related to the war taking place in Ukraine. Both Poland and the other Baltic States are subjected to controlled migration pressure at the border with Belarus and Russia. The intensification of these actions observed since 2021 has become part of a process of instrumentalisation of migration and an attempt to trigger population movements towards Europe. The procedure is accompanied by a wide range of military and non-military actions, overt and covert measures, including disinformation, cyber-attacks, economic pressure, the use of irregular armed groups and regular troops. This is evidenced by Russia’s demonstration of military power in the form of military manoeuvres near the eastern borders of the EU and NATO, numerous border incidents of airspace violations, as well as sabotage and diversionary operations (reduction of energy supply at border crossings, boycotting customs clearance and border controls, obstruction of transit traffic, increased cross-border crime). Blended into the above are aggressive disinformation campaigns and ubiquitous propaganda. The aggressors seek to destabilise the eastern wall and demonstrate that their aggressive and revisionist policies threaten the security of neighbouring countries, members of the EU and NATO.

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