Lessons learned and identified for the small states based on Russia’s aggression in Ukraine: analysis of the case of Latvia
Lessons learned and identified for the small states based on Russia’s aggression in Ukraine: analysis of the case of Latvia

Summary/Abstract: The history shows that each state must stand by and for itself forthe cause of its independence and security and that it is especially complicatedto survive on the international arena for the smaller states, nearing such an aggres-sive superpower like Russia. When aggressively influencing the target state, Russiautilized various forms of warfare and war, i.e., conventional warfare, narrativewarfare, war of disinformation, war of influence, manipulation and informationoperations, cyberwarfare, and religious warfare. All these are in violation and ig-noring the frame of international law, causing widespread suffering for Ukrainehaving global negative consequences. The current paper is based on the analysesof the concept of small states. Based on the case of Latvia, the goal of the paper isto analyze lessons learned and identified for Latvia and other small states basedon the war in Ukraine. A period from Russia’s invasion in 2022 to late 2023, i.e.,a nearly two-year period since the war in Ukraine began, is chosen to be examinedwithin the scope of the current research. The research has been carried out withqualitative research methods – document analysis and semi-structured interviews.Interviews have been conducted with the experts in the field. The content analysis –a quantitative research method is also used in the work.

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