Educaţia financiară, Incluziunea Financiară şi Gradul de Îndatorare în România: Rolul Sistemului Bancar
Financial Education, Financial Inclusion and Indebtedness in Romania: The Role of the Banking System

Summary/Abstract: The paper explores the relationship between financial education, financial inclusion, and household indebtedness in Romania, emphasizing the crucial role of the banking system. The research outlines how financial education directly influences individuals’ financial decisions, such as setting financial goals, budgeting, and minimizing debt. In addition, it highlights the impact of financial literacy on financial well being and the ability to avoid over indebtedness. With Romania’s financial inclusion rate being one of the lowest in the EU, the study examines the importance of accessible and transparent banking services for promoting financial stability. Furthermore, the paper discusses the legal framework governing debt to income ratios, particularly in the context of consumer credit, and how recent digital banking trends influence financial behavior. The analysis draws on recent regulatory changes from the National Bank of Romania, which limit the debt ratio, and examines their implications for both financial institutions and consumers. The study also delves into the societal and historical factors influencing Romanians’ attitudes toward debt, including the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. The findings contribute to a better understanding of how improved financial education and inclusion can lead to more informed financial decisions and a reduction in household debt levels, promoting economic stability in Romania.

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