Arap Dilinde İzâfetin Dönüşebildiği Farklı İfade Biçimleri ve Anlam Boyutu
The Different Forms of Expression that Iḍāfa can Transform into and Their Meaning Dimensions in Arabic Language

Summary/Abstract: In Arabic, iḍāfa is a sequence that presents an integrated structure, and due to the strong connection between its elements, this structure with two nouns is considered as a compound noun. Although there is no change of place in the arrangement of the words that make up this structure, it is not common for another word to be inserted between these two nouns, except in very exceptional cases, such as the necessity of poetry. There are some semantic reasons for expressing the word with such a strong structure. However, other reasons, which are also influenced by meaning, make it necessary to express a word that can be expressed by iḍāfa in different sequences. This study identifies and analyses the sequences in Arabic that can be expressed by iḍāfa but are formed by different structures. On the one hand, this study aims to analyze and evaluate the sequences that are related to iḍāfa and appear under different headings in grammar, and on the other hand, it aims to create data for teaching the subject by evaluating the structural differences of these sequences and the semantic reasons for the differences. In the structural dimension of the subject, the difference of these sequences from iḍāfa and how the transformation is reflected in the formal dimension are analyzed. In the semantic dimension, the semantic factors that are effective in the preference of iḍāfa and non-iḍāfa sequences are examined. Since the composition of iḍāfa, which is like a single word, has an integrated structure in terms of the inseparability of its elements, these expressions cannot be separated or replaced unless there are exceptional cases. However, in some areas of grammar, it is seen that the elements of iḍāfa are replaced in a way that provides the same or a close meaning as this construction and new forms of expression emerge. These forms of expression obtained through the transformation of the structure of iḍāfa indicate that the Arabic language has a rich structure concerning the formation of expression according to the needs of the speaker and the addressee, and thus shows that the same meaning with some nuances can be expressed in several different forms. One of the results of this study is that these usages, which allow the same expressions to be expressed in different forms with some details, provide the speaker with a variety and many possibilities in the formation of the expression. As a result of the study, it was seen that new forms of expression obtained by changing the parties in the structure of iḍāfa or changing the form of muzāf occur in many subjects. However, it is understood that iḍāfa is the main one because it is shorter and more concise. On the other hand, it can be said that the new forms of expression obtained by changing the location of the elements of iḍāfa are secondary because of the difficulty of pronunciation compared to iḍāfa in sentences obtained by changing the location of the elements of iḍāfa in order to ensure that the connection between them is not broken or because of the necessity of revealing the hidden pronoun of the verb and the new sentence form is longer; and in structures formed with elements such as ta’kīd, badal, tamyīz outside the sentence, it can be said that the forms of expression obtained by disrupting iḍāfa are secondary due to the difficulty of pronunciation compared to izāfah. In addition, the evaluations of linguists in the explanation of some subjects that iḍāfa is primary is another aspect supporting the primacy of iḍāfa over other forms.

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