Efekty grawitacyjne i zróżnicowanie poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego powiatów w województwie wielkopolskim w latach 2010–2022
Gravitation effects and differentiation of the levels of economic development of poviats in the wielkopolskie voivodeship in the years 2010–2022

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the variation in the level of economic development among the poviats of the wielkopolskie voivodeship and to assess the significance of gravitation effects and other factors for the development of local units. The analyses cover the years 2010–2022 and include 35 poviats within the wielkopolskie voivodeship. The level of economic development was determined using a synthetic development index, assessed through a taxonomic method. To capture the role of gravitation effects and other factors influencing economic development, the econometric methods of panel analysis were employed. The data for this study were sourced from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office in Poland (GUS), with an annual frequency. The study was conducted in three stages. In the first stage, synthetic development indices were calcu- lated using taxonomic methods. In the second stage, gravitation effects were determined. The third stage involved econometric analysis, wherein panel data methods were used to estimate coefficients that describe the relationship between the dependent variable (synthetic development index) and selected determining factors. The estimated coefficients are interpreted as elasticities. The analysis reveals that the poviats with the highest development indices include: the city of Poznań, the town of Kalisz, the town of Leszno, the town of Konin, and the poviats of poznański, szamotul- ski, pilski, obornicki, and gostyniński. On the other hand, poviats with relatively low development levels include: koniński, kaliski, słupecki, pleszewski, złotowski, turecki, rawicki, krotoszyński, and międzychodzki. The econometric modeling indicates that gravitation effects, along with investments and unemployment rates are related to the levels of economic development of the poviats.

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