Adatok a honfoglalás kor régészeti időrendjéhez és a kelet-európai 10. századi dirhemforgalom kérdéséhez. A tiszacsomai 3. sír dirhemleletének új meghatározása
New data on the archaeological chronology of the Hungarian Conquest Period and the 10th century dirham circulation in Eastern Europe: The exact identification of the dirham find at Tiszacsoma Grave 3

Summary/Abstract: The dirham found in Tiszacsoma/Choma (Чома, UA) Grave 3 is the only dirham from the second half of the 10th century that has been identified by archaeological research of the conquest period. The exact identification of the worn and incomplete coin find was therefore once again discussed with the help of an expert in Arabic language and numismatics. In 2024, it was possible to examine the find in person, which, in addition to clarifying the archaeological chronology of the Hungarian Conquest Period, provides a significant insight into the circulation of 9th–10th century Kufic coins in the Carpathian Basin. The meticulous analysis has challenged previously accepted hypotheses about the continuous 10th-century influx of Islamic dirhams in the region. Our study concluded that the hypothesis based on earlier dirhem finds that dirhem circulation in the region probably ceased after 301–331 AH (914–943) remains supported. Indeed, the dirham find mentioned at Tiszacsoma can most probably be identified as the vervet of al-amīr Nasr Ibn Ahmad. The results underline the need for further archaeological excavations and new discoveries to gain a deeper insight into the complex dynamics of Islamic monetary circulation in the Carpathian Basin. At the same time, the spread of new Carpathian dirhem coins that have been unearthed in the meantime provides important clues to the supposed, still unanswered, contemporary use of the Carpathian passes.

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