SAMİ, GREK VE TÜRK TOPLUMLARININ İNANIŞ VE MİTLERİNDE KADIN ALGISI
THE PERCEPTION OF WOMEN IN THE BELIEFS AND MYTHS OF SAMI, GREEK AND TURKISH SOCIETIES

Summary/Abstract: Myths, which operate with the method of free association, are important in creating the worldview, cultural policies and national consciousness of societies, as they describe events believed to have occurred regarding natural forces and supernatural beings. In the Greek society, which saw the formation of the world as a constantly recurring beginning, the first woman was Gaia, the mother Earth. The continuity of plants emerging from the soil after a woman gave birth attracted their attention and they deified Gaia by establishing a bond between the two. When the Greeks were invaded by Bronze Age tribes, they thought they would be saved by praying to Gaia. In Greek belief, Pandora is the first mortal woman sent to earth by the order of Zeus with a bowl of evil in her hand. For this reason, evil and Pandora are mentioned together in Greek belief. We see that there are many common mechanisms regarding creation in the holy books of the Arabs and Hebrews, who continue their existence within the Semitic societies. In the story of the creation of Adam and Eve, the motif of first creating Adam from clay, creating Eve from his rib, the forbidden fruit, being expelled from heaven as a result of the deception of the devil, and the story of the creation of the world in six days are common. We can say that there are differences between the Quran, Torah, Psalms and Bible among these common motifs. One of these differences is that in the Qur'an, Eve, who was created after Adam, is called "Adam's wife, created from his ribs." In the other three books, the name Eve is mentioned frequently. Secondly, there is no information about who among the mortal creatures ate the forbidden fruit mentioned in the Quran first. In the other three holy books, it is stated that Eve first ate it, then fed it to Adam, and for this reason they were expelled from heaven. In Turkish mythology, the perception of women, unlike the Arab, Hebrew and Greek narratives, Ak Ene, who inspired the creation of the world, and Umay Ana, who played an important role as a protective owner after her creation, came to the fore with her positive characteristics. In our study, the perception of women from the universe and human creation myths of the oldest societies, the Arabs, Hebrews and Greeks, to the present day, was examined, and the differences between them were revealed with examples by comparing them with Turkish mythology and culture.

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