PODEJŚCIE UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ DO DEZINFORMACJI – OD MONITOROWANIA ZJAWISKA DO REGULACJI USŁUG CYFROWYCH
THE EUROPEAN UNION'S APPROACH TO DISINFORMATION – FROM MONITORING PHENOMENA FOR THE REGULATION OF DIGITAL SERVICES

Summary/Abstract: The following article provides an overview of the risks of disinformation in the context ofthe 2019 European Parliament elections. The aim of the article was to identify possiblesolutions to combat disinformation online. At the European Union level, it was realised thatdisinformation had been present on a larger scale since 2014, so steps were already takenin 2015 to counter it. From 2015 to 2019, tools to fght it were developed like the GeneralData Protection Regulation, the Code of Practice on Disinformation and the Action Planagainst Disinformation. According to experts, the 2019 EP elections went without majorincidents and the effect of the adopted regulations was satisfactory, despite inaccuracies inthe transparency of advertisements and scant cooperation between online platforms andresearch centres. However, the EU and the work did not stop there. The EU authorities beganto analyse the existing tools, as well as analysing further cases of emerging disinformation.After 2019, the approach of the EU authorities has changed. It was necessary to fnd outa certain legal framework that would defne fake news, disinformation and the activitiesof online platforms. Briefy, the EU’s actions can be characterised: from alerting, overcooperation with the media, researchers and fact-checkers, to the defnition of legal actsfor digital services. Work on disinformation has intensifed. It is likely that further work onnormalising the phenomenon will follow in the coming years.

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