O FILOZOFSKOM U RELIGIJI I O RELIGIOZNOM U FILOZOFIJI: IBN RUŠD
ABOUT PHILOSOPHICAL IN RELIGION AND RELIGIOUS IN PHILOSOPHY: IBN RUSHD (SKETCH FOR A RATIONAL THEORY OF RELIGION)

Summary/Abstract: Ibn Rushd begins his discussion about philosophy with the questions if philosophy, according to Islam, is allowed, forbidden, recommended, or ordered/obligatory. Discussing the problem of the relation between philosophy and religion Ibn Rushd states that Islamic shariah orders wagib philosophising tafalsuf. Surprisingly, he firstly bases such his attitude on shariah law analogy qiyas shariah as a method and the kind of religious law source (and not as a rational-philosophical evidence), on numerous Qur'anic ayats which ask for conceptual thinking and general wisdom as such hikma: and what would this Qur'anic notion hikma mean if not the very philosophy, Ibn Rushd asks and answers at the same time. In that sense Ibn Rushd underlines that "if there is contradiction between philosophy and theology the text of Revelation (nass) is to be interpreted and understood (ta'wil) in such a way which will discover it's hidden sameness with that what reason has established" and further says "as every expression of God's law should not be taken in it's literal meaning, it also should not be interpreted in such a way which could place it far from the literal meaning". This rationalistic philosophical attitude and the critical method represent central position and foundation of Ibn Rushd's philosophical-religious and scientific thought in the whole. He, for the difference from Ghazali, and from medieval Christian theologians/philosophers who find philosophy either in religion or drown it into mysticism/pantheism, sees religion in philosophy.

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