Social protection in Europe, a comparative and correlative research
Social protection in Europe, a comparative and correlative research

Summary/Abstract: The involvement of the state in the market economy through the redistribution of welfare is necessary for moral and economic reasons. The need for a system of social protection is developed in all advanced states to reduce the 'social risks' of the living standards of citizens. Our research aimed to identify the particularities of the governmental social protection policies in the EU states to be able to compare and analyze them correlatively. The main research tools are the cluster method, followed by the visual assessment of cluster tendency (VAT) algorithm for research results validation, and the Hopkins statistic for checking the spatial randomness of the data. The main research variables are public expenditures on social protection and the human development index for the period 2018-2019. The data were collected from Eurostat and Statista. The research results show that the European states are grouped into four clusters. Based on the research analysis results, the European social policies should be better designed and applied with an increased level of public expenditures to raise the population’s standard of living and reduce the gaps among European citizens.

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