RĂSCOALA DIN 1738 A ROMÂNILOR BĂNĂŢENI ȘI ECOUL EI ÎN PRESA DIN EUROPA
THE 1738 UPRISING OF THE BANAT ROMANIANS AND ITS ECHO IN THE EUROPEAN PRESS

Summary/Abstract: In 1738 a large part of the military operations of the Austro‑Turkish War (1737–1739) took place on the territory of Banat. The penetration of the Turkish troops in the mountainous area of south‑eastern Banat encouraged the revolt of Romanian peasants who were extremely unhappy with the harsh taxation regime and the abuses of the imperial officials in Timisoara and in the province. The rebellious Romanians joined the Turkish troops in large numbers and attacked, often under their protection, small units of the imperial troops, but especially the mines and copper and iron smelters and also the villages (inhabited by German settlers) which had kept faith with Emperor Charles VI. Depending on the evolution of the front on the territory of Banat, the repression of the rebellious Romanians was carried out with no mercy by the Austrian troops (e. g. in the Almăjului Valley). The different war episodes and someones of the Romanian uprising were the source of the extensive reports sent to Vienna by the military commanders on the front and by the Imperial Administration in Timisoara, which were published twice a week in the semi‑official “Wiennerisches Diarium”. In fact, the Viennese newspaper was the exclusive source from which other newspapers in Europa took news of what was happening in Banat, includ‑ ing the Romanian uprising. In the appendix are published the 39 news items about the uprising that appeared in nine European newspapers: “Mercurii Relation oder wochen‑ tliche Ordinari‑Zeitung” in Munich, “Gazette de France” in Paris, “Le Courrier d’Avi‑ gnon”, “Bologna”, “Amsterdam” with the supplement “Suite de nouvelles d’Amsterdam”, “St. Petersburgische Zeitung” in St. Petersburg, “Mercure historique et politique” of The Hague (whose accounts were translated into Spanish and published in “Mercurio histórico y politico” in Madrid) and “Gazeta de Lisboa” in Lisbon.

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