Ustrój i działalność sądownictwa rosyjskiej floty wojennej w latach 1867–1914 (część 1)
The structure and the principles of functioning the judiciary of Russian war fleet in the period of 1867–1914 (part 1)

Summary/Abstract: In 1867, the reform of the judicial system of the Russian navy was carried out, which was modelled on the structural solutions adopted in the land army. It introduced three degrees of jurisdiction. The crewed courts and the military naval courts looked into the cases in terms of their substantial contents, meanwhile the complaints and cassation protests against the sentence were aimed at the Main Military Naval Court. Court proceedings were held in a collegial and public prosecution. Defendants were guaranteed the right to defense and the court proceedings were based on the principles of equality of the parties and free assessment of evidence. The prosecutor’s offices appeared in the Main Military Naval Court and the military naval courts, fulfilling prosecution functions. The obligation to conduct investigations fell on investigating judges. During ship cruises and military campaigns there were vessel courts and special committees, ruling on the basis of procedures different from those in the land naval courts.

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