MIȘCĂRI GNOSTICE ANTICE, ERETICE, FOLOSITE PENTRU SCOPURI POSTMODERNE, IDEOLOGICE
ANCIENT, HERETICAL GNOSTIC MOVEMENTS USED FOR POSTMODERN, IDEOLOGICAL PURPOSES

Summary/Abstract: One problem in defining Gnosticism, whether ancient or modern, is its syncretic nature. As Jonas points out, “Gnostic systems encompassed everything - Eastern mythologies, astrological doctrines, Iranian theology, elements of the Jewish tradition, whether biblical, rabbinic, or occult, Christian salvation-eschatology, Platonic concepts and notions”. All Christian dogmas are the object of philosophical speculations, without any respect for Tradition: the Holy Trinity, the creation of the world, the original sin, the salvation of man, etc. In fact, Gnosticism is a mixture of Christianity with Eastern Greek, Persian, Egyptian, etc. philosophy and mythology. The common points of the various gnostic sects are summed up in the idea that above all stands God, a superior, absolutely transcendent being, who has no mix with matter. From God emanated a multitude of aeons, among which is the Christ aeon, and the last Aeon is the Demiurge, who created the world from a particle of power well-turned into matter. This Aeon created man, in which there was a struggle between spirit and matter. The salvation of man in the Gnostic vision is the work of Jesus, a simple man into whom, at the moment of Baptism, the man Christ descended, who saved us, teaching man how to free himself from matter. People are divided into three gnostic categories: the Pneumatics, in which spirit surpasses matter; Psychics, in which both elements are equal (Christians) and Helics, in which matter surpasses spirit (pagans). Only the Gnostics keep the secret teaching of knowledge to free themselves from matter, which is fundamentally evil.

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