Skąd się bierze państwo? Thomas Hobbes i dzikie plemiona
Where Does State Come From? Thomas Hobbes and “Primitive Societies”

Summary/Abstract: The article focuses on the origin of the state and the relationship between the stateand what is external to the State. The first part presents the impact of the discovery ofAmerica on Thomas Hobbes’ early-modern concept of State. The analysis of sixteenthandseventeenth-century iconography, travel literature, and the Hobbesian concept ofthe State of Nature shows that social contract theory is based on the relegation of remotecontemporary “primitive societies” into the realm of the (pre)historical past to justifyEuropean political order. The second part presents the problem of the origin of the Stateby adopting the perspective of political anthropology. The author reconstructs the debateconcerning the relationship between the State and “primitive societies” initiated by PierreClastres and continued in the works of such scholars as David Graeber, James C. Scott,Marshall Sahlins, Gilles Deleuze, and Felix Guattari.

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